Global Trade Policy Dashboard

Compare perspectives on international trade (E.45–E.50)

Globalization

Ursula von der Leyen

As President of the European Commission, she promotes open global trade systems, arguing that cooperation between countries increases efficiency, innovation, and growth.

  • Supports free trade agreements (E.45)
  • Encourages specialization via comparative advantage (E.46)
  • Opposes excessive tariffs and quotas (E.47)
“We believe in open and fair trade — trade that creates opportunity and prosperity through clear, shared international rules.”
European Commission
Her policies emphasize that trade allows countries to specialize and benefit from comparative advantage, increasing total global output.
Balanced Trade

Rishi Sunak

Represents a middle-ground approach: supports trade but emphasizes protecting key industries and ensuring economic security in a globalized economy.

  • Uses targeted tariffs in strategic sectors (E.47)
  • Focuses on supply chain resilience (E.49)
  • Balances trade benefits with domestic stability
“Free trade is essential for growth, but we must also ensure resilience and protect critical industries.”
UK Government
This approach reflects debates in E.50 — balancing the benefits of globalization with concerns about jobs, security, and economic shocks.
Protectionism

Lee Jae-myung

Advocates stronger domestic industry and reduced reliance on global markets, supporting policies that protect national economic independence.

  • Supports tariffs and subsidies (E.47)
  • Focuses on reducing trade deficits (E.48)
  • Encourages domestic production
“A nation must strengthen its own industries and reduce dependence on external economic forces.”
Economic reporting
This reflects protectionist arguments in E.50 — prioritizing national industries over global efficiency.

Trade Policy Comparison

Concept Globalization Balanced Protectionism
Trade Barriers Low Selective High
Comparative Advantage Strong Moderate Limited
Trade Deficit Concern Low Medium High